Entenda a história da Groenlândia e por que Trump quer a ilha

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[{"selector":"#anim-26a08b90-0cf4-491b-916c-7fbe6a50441f","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":1500,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.4, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-362cb8b3-41a1-4618-8ae7-e0c082147154","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.4, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-c1a418f6-a39b-4823-9715-a6d270d81e8c","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":500,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-51618648-6c62-407f-92a3-356a5b1d024d","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(0.3333333333333333)","scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":500,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}] A Groenlândia voltou ao centro do debate internacional depois que o presidente dos Estados Unidos, Donald Trump, retomou a ideia de assumir o controle da ilha por razões de segurança nacional REUTERS/Hannibal Hanschke

[{"selector":"#anim-233cc47f-3bd6-45dd-b579-675eeb74fb66","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":1500,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.4, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-55300493-8fa5-47e1-9963-8e587f8fec95","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.4, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-a537ad74-5eb0-42ff-86ed-966f6d3383de","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":500,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-919075c7-658b-4d32-8465-820c0992d1c7","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(0.3333333333333333)","scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":500,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}] [{"selector":"#anim-0117a770-327b-48ba-be63-037cac994b2c [data-leaf-element=\"true\"]","keyframes":{"transform":["translate3d(27.390136581554223%, 0, 0)","translate3d(0%, 0, 0)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] Habitada por povos inuítes há milhares de anos, a Groenlândia recebeu assentamentos vikings por volta do ano 985, liderados por Erik, o Vermelho. Esses grupos desapareceram séculos depois, enquanto os inuítes se tornaram a cultura dominante Ansgar Walk/Wikimedia Commons

[{"selector":"#anim-818995ae-2769-496b-895d-476280dbc534","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":1500,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.4, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-baf72bb9-3e6a-4911-a50b-5260430a7530","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.4, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-a456f86f-87b0-49e9-8a7c-6edc2b85ab20","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":500,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-72fdbd90-342d-4ab6-8fd6-759d9e5af549","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(0.3333333333333333)","scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":500,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}] A colonização dinamarquesa começou em 1721, marcando o início de um longo período colonial REUTERS/Marko Djurica

[{"selector":"#anim-705cd568-e07a-4f24-a9ec-778b647c63cb","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":1500,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.4, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-0e94b35e-32ba-41d7-8cf4-8c77499c74dc","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.4, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-b0b7e9cc-71e1-4e31-8c1a-91a7cdb927dc","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":500,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-852b21a0-6e56-49d4-8f70-502102a60c4c","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(0.3333333333333333)","scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":500,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}] [{"selector":"#anim-3e98c74b-e46f-42d1-8873-76bff5f98f8b [data-leaf-element=\"true\"]","keyframes":{"transform":["translate3d(12.162585859606365%, 0, 0)","translate3d(0%, 0, 0)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] Em 1916, os Estados Unidos compraram as Índias Ocidentais Dinamarquesas — hoje Ilhas Virgens Americanas. Como parte do acordo, Washington declarou que não se oporia à ampliação dos “interesses políticos e econômicos” da Dinamarca sobre toda a Groenlândia Andrew Patrick Photo/Pexels

[{"selector":"#anim-07789ec0-46a3-48a9-be26-b488f0bba5eb","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":1500,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.4, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-20ca7d76-658c-48f0-9dff-b8559e451612","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.4, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-b4f18ba0-003f-469c-827e-d91b5631f853","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":500,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-7a662e56-5018-4d0a-8016-95f811830eac","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(0.3333333333333333)","scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":500,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}] [{"selector":"#anim-13a12fef-cd94-4b7e-997f-8928e8405568 [data-leaf-element=\"true\"]","keyframes":{"transform":["translate3d(1.3750761177051498%, 0, 0)","translate3d(0%, 0, 0)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] Em 1953, a ilha deixou de ser colônia e passou a integrar oficialmente o Reino da Dinamarca. E, desde 2009, a Groenlândia tem amplo autogoverno e pode declarar independência por meio de um referendo, com aval do Parlamento dinamarquês Jean-Christophe André/Pexels

[{"selector":"#anim-30d20a4e-5347-433e-a9ab-4b7d940b929b","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":1500,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.4, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-8352d9a4-3c4b-4d01-9e57-a658f19aa92e","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.4, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-dcea3272-a9b0-4fb1-b7b3-2a9bf361cee9","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":500,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-edcc5094-a5bf-44e0-86d5-4a08bc355e7f","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(0.3333333333333333)","scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":500,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}] [{"selector":"#anim-f79d8803-ae2c-43ed-9cc7-f9c0bee6a75c [data-leaf-element=\"true\"]","keyframes":{"transform":["translate3d(-1.3392854335989743%, 0, 0)","translate3d(0%, 0, 0)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] A autonomia, no entanto, não inclui política externa e defesa. A ilha tem cerca de 57 mil habitantes, infraestrutura limitada e depende economicamente de subsídios da Dinamarca Joe Raedle/Getty Images

[{"selector":"#anim-8b8fcc05-9663-407a-8890-6958637db594","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":1500,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.4, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-131b7c53-9c3c-4fe3-8842-1f9a0c6cb834","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.4, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-3c6a8e67-fcbd-47ea-acc3-e0c7a162d87b","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":500,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-91b587ab-c7ba-4273-a719-424f4260a655","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(0.3333333333333333)","scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":500,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}] Por que Trump quer a Groenlândia? A localização estratégica e os recursos da Groenlândia poderiam beneficiar os EUA. A região fica na rota mais curta da Europa para a América do Norte, o que é vital para o sistema de alerta de mísseis balísticos dos EUA - Kent Nishimura/Reuters

[{"selector":"#anim-6ac6ba4a-fc88-4f63-acef-7e19b312e416","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":1500,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.4, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-7edeaeca-bb97-4b9f-a0e1-46ca7321e2a0","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":600,"easing":"cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.4, 0.0, 1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-6afe2e5e-77e2-4928-b7d6-44cc8f0564d1","keyframes":{"opacity":[0,1]},"delay":0,"duration":500,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-d7a1add2-595e-43cd-ac62-02c0bb8e11d2","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(0.3333333333333333)","scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":500,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}] [{"selector":"#anim-7d0d9fd8-7083-4f10-990d-7072d7ac2a88 [data-leaf-element=\"true\"]","keyframes":{"transform":["translate3d(7.81249975709839%, 0, 0)","translate3d(0%, 0, 0)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] Os Estados Unidos expressaram interesse em expandir sua presença militar na ilha ártica, incluindo a instalação de radares para monitorar as águas entre a ilha, a Islândia e a Grã-Bretanha, utilizadas por navios da marinha russa e submarinos nucleares Morten Rasch/University of Copenhagen

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